Arthroscopy for meniscus repair is a minimally invasive surgical procedure designed to treat tears in the meniscus, a crucial cartilage in the knee joint. This guide walks you through the essential aspects of this procedure.

Understanding the Meniscus

The meniscus is a C-shaped piece of cartilage that acts as a cushion between the thigh bone (femur) and the shin bone (tibia). There are two menisci in each knee, and they play a vital role in shock absorption, stability, and joint lubrication. A tear in the meniscus can cause pain, swelling, and reduced mobility.

Indications for Meniscus Repair

Arthroscopy may be recommended for individuals experiencing:

• Persistent knee pain
• Swelling and inflammation
• Difficulty in bending or straightening the knee
• Instability or locking of the knee joint

Preparation for Surgery

Before undergoing arthroscopy, several steps are necessary:

1. Consultation: A thorough medical evaluation with your orthopedic surgeon to discuss symptoms, imaging studies (like MRI), and treatment options.
2. Preoperative Instructions: Follow your surgeon's advice regarding medications, dietary restrictions, and pre-surgery exercises.
3. Anesthesia: The procedure is typically performed under general or spinal anesthesia.

Step-by-Step Procedure

The actual arthroscopy for meniscus repair includes several key steps:

1. Incision and Insertion: The surgeon makes small incisions around the knee and inserts an arthroscope, which is a small camera that allows visualization of the knee joint on a screen.
2. Assessment: The surgeon examines the meniscus and surrounding structures for damage.
3. Repair Technique: Depending on the type and location of the tear, the surgeon may use sutures or anchors to repair the meniscus.
4. Debridement: In some cases, damaged tissue may be removed (debridement) if the tear cannot be repaired.
5. Closure: After the procedure, the surgeon removes the arthroscope and closes the incisions with sutures or adhesive strips.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

The recovery process can take several weeks. Key components include:

• Rest: Avoid putting weight on the knee for the initial days to allow healing.
• Physical Therapy: Engage in rehabilitation exercises to strengthen the knee, improve range of motion, and regain functionality.
• Pain Management: Follow your surgeon's recommendations for pain relief, which may include medications or icing.

Potential Risks and Complications

While arthroscopy is generally safe, potential risks include:

• Infection
• Blood clots
• Stiffness or swelling in the knee
• Recurring pain or instability

Conclusion

Arthroscopy for meniscus repair is an effective option for treating knee pain and restoring mobility. Following pre and post-operative care is crucial for a successful recovery. Always consult with your orthopedic specialist to determine the best approach for your unique situation.