Tennis elbow, clinically known as lateral epicondylitis, is a common condition that affects many individuals, particularly those engaged in activities involving repetitive arm and wrist movements. This overuse injury leads to pain and inflammation around the elbow, which can significantly hinder daily activities and athletic performance. Fortunately, hand and upper extremity surgery offers effective treatment options for those suffering from persistent symptoms. Below are some of the primary surgical approaches available for tennis elbow.

1. Arthroscopic Debridement

Arthroscopic debridement is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that involves the use of a small camera and specialized instruments to remove degenerated tissue from the elbow joint. This technique allows surgeons to visualize the area clearly while minimizing damage to surrounding tissues. Patients typically experience reduced recovery time and less pain compared to traditional open surgery.

2. Open Surgical Release

In more severe cases, an open surgical release may be required. This traditional surgery involves making a larger incision to access the affected area. The surgeon removes the damaged tendons and any scar tissue that may be contributing to pain and inflammation. While this method may involve a longer recovery process, it can provide significant relief for those who do not respond to less invasive treatments.

3. Tendon Repair or Reconstruction

For some patients, the damage to the elbow tendons may be extensive. In such instances, tendon repair or reconstruction may be necessary. During this procedure, surgeons may suture the damaged tendon back together or use grafts to replace severely injured tendons. This surgical option aims to restore normal function and alleviate pain, allowing individuals to resume their normal activities.

4. Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Injection

In recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection has gained popularity as an adjunct treatment for tennis elbow. This non-surgical option involves drawing a patient's blood, processing it to concentrate the platelets, and injecting it into the affected area. PRP has shown promise in promoting healing and reducing inflammation, making it a viable alternative or complementary option to surgery.

5. Post-Operative Rehabilitation

Regardless of the surgical option chosen, post-operative rehabilitation is crucial for optimal recovery. Physical therapy often focuses on regaining strength, flexibility, and functionality in the elbow and surrounding structures. A customized rehabilitation program can significantly impact a patient’s recovery journey, helping to prevent re-injury and promoting long-term wellness.

In conclusion, while tennis elbow can cause significant discomfort, various hand and upper extremity surgical options are available for those who do not respond to conservative treatments. Consulting a specialist can provide valuable insights and help determine the most appropriate approach tailored to individual needs. With the right treatment plan, patients can look forward to a pain-free return to their activities.