Spinal fusion surgery, also known as spondylodesis, is a common surgical procedure performed to alleviate pain and stabilize the spine. This procedure involves joining two or more vertebrae together using bone grafts or metal implants.

There are several reasons why a person may require spinal fusion surgery. It is often recommended to treat conditions such as degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, spinal fractures, scoliosis, or herniated discs.

During the surgery, the surgeon will access the spine either through the front (anterior approach), back (posterior approach), or a combination of both (anterior-posterior approach). The goal is to create a solid union between the vertebrae, reducing motion between them and relieving pain caused by instability.

Recovery from spinal fusion surgery can vary depending on the individual and the extent of the procedure. Patients may need to wear a brace for support and undergo physical therapy to regain strength and mobility. It is important to follow the doctor's recommendations for post-operative care to ensure a successful recovery.

As with any surgery, there are risks associated with spinal fusion, including infection, blood clots, nerve damage, and failure of the fusion to heal. It is essential for patients to discuss these risks with their healthcare provider and weigh the potential benefits against the possible complications.

Overall, spinal fusion surgery can be an effective treatment for certain spinal conditions, providing relief from pain and improving the stability of the spine. Patients should work closely with their healthcare team to determine the most appropriate treatment plan for their individual needs.